Wednesday, September 25, 2019

Dr. Balaji Rang Nathan's lecture on post colonial studies.

Dr. Balaji Rang Nathan's lecture on post colonial studies.

Hello Everyone welcome to my blog!  



                                                    


Here I am sharing my view upon our 3 days (19th August to 21st August) journey of Prof. Balaji Rangnathan sir. Those days are memorable forever, we have learnt many good and new things about syllabus as well as outside world.

 Let's me ponder some glimpse of 3 days Amazing lectures.


On the 19th Aug, sir talked about the Concept of post colonialism and first unit Black skin White Mask. Firstly I was impressed by sir's tone or control, power on language. Sir has very good command and influency over the language. For a second I also wish to have a that kind of command on language. In very simple way, sir talked about Post colonialism and we understood . Then sir says about 8 chapter of the unit 1 ;

Chapters of the first unit

• The Negro and language
• The woman of colour and white man
• The man of colour and white woman
• The So-called dependency complex of the colonized
• The lived experience of the black man
• The Black man and psychology
• The Black man and Recognition

He explains important points like...


                         



Then on second day, Balaji sir dealt with another two chapters ;
• Orientalism by Edward said:

A Tempest by Aime cesaire :-

1) The Scope of Orientalism
2) Orientalist structure and Restructures
3) Orientalism Now

Next he talked about “ A Tempest” by Amie Cesaire and Explain Identity, bhuColonial resiontion ,Appropriation of Language, Term of Rebellion. In the last lecture sir talked on last unit Imaginary Homeland by Salman Rushidie. He explains this unit with interesting example and also talked about writer Salman Rushdie.

Here fanon is rising about binary. He says that it is good form to introduce a work in psychology with a statement of its methodological point of view. I leave methods to be botanists and the mathematicians. There is a point at which methods devour themselves .
Moroever, to understand A Tempest we have to first understand The Tempest by William Shakespeare, we have already gone through it in our class. Now, if we talk about Orientalism, it was a entire book on America and Arabic world. It says how to read postcolonialism. Orientalism asks how do we come to we come to understand people, strangers, who look different to us by virtue of the color of their skin? The central argument of Orientalism is that the way that we acquire this knowledge is not innocent or objective but the end result of a process that reflects certain interests.On the other side sir talked about reality of our life. What should do in further? Sir advised that never take shortcuts, always try to read original one. Try to crack such kind of exam and if u are not able to this then make new another way, don't need to stick with it or disappointed. Make your own way in which you are good and can achieve something. In our class mostly all students want to be professor, but sir said that it is not so that only Prof, is good job. There are many other jobs also. In reality we have to fight and face problems, society, all kind of circumstances . Accept the reality and be happy with whatever u have.They showed real face of world infront of us and we are going to peeped into it



                                             

.                                      Thanks all readers

Tuesday, September 24, 2019

Waiting for godot

  • Thinking Activity: Waiting For Godot by Samuel Beckett

"Waiting For Godot" written by Samuel Beckett in which students task is to watch movie and write their understanding of the movie of the given points by the professor. Here is the link of professor's blog click here,

1)What connection do you see in the setting("A country road. A tree. Evening.) of the play and these paintings.



:- Through this painting Beckett was inspired for the' setting'of his play - 'Waiting for Godot'.Here Beckett's universe was quite different.His waiting is related to longing in a sense of nature but it was not Beckett's worldly vision.maybe longing or desire maybe fulfilled sometimes but here Beckett's used this Waiting has it's no end.It never going to be finish.. Beckett was inspired by these painting but he makes use of this 'longing' as 'never ending wait'.

2)The tree is the only important ‘thing’ in the setting. What is the importance of tree in both acts? Why does Beckett grow a few leaves in Act II on the barren tree - The tree has four or five leaves - ?




The tree is a symbol in the play. Many time tree symbolically presented in the play when Vladimir and Estragon try to be hebetate like tree. So, leaves stand for hope and despair. In first scene tree was destroyed so we can interpret and connect it with world war-2 because this play written just after war and in second act this tree have leaves so it stand for hope and also we can say it is changing nature.

3)  In both Acts, evening falls into night and moon rises. How would you like to interpret this ‘coming of night and moon’ when actually they are waiting for Godot?

In both the act we find that when night comes its reflection of there life how are absurd they are waiting for something is not come so finally the night is reflection of there lost or something that they want to achieve but then not achieve or then not get success,
And when the moon rise it's reflect that there is one hope that The Dark night will be end with this beautiful moon and there life darkness is also and just like night will end and morning comes so the moon is reflection of hope in Dark night.

4)The director feels the setting with some debris. Can you read any meaning in the contours of debris in the setting of the play?

Yes,I can read they the director feels the settings with some debris.The place where both act plays ,it was a hill ,first day barren tree and second day with some leaves.yet with this kind of debris which Beckett has used it says alot to us . He talk here about human being,its life ,etc

5)The play begins with the dialogue “Nothing to be done”. How does the theme of ‘nothingness’ recurs in the play?

"Nothing to be done" reflects the Existentialism. This theory shows that the life is meaningless, whatever you do it has no ultimate meaning. this play starts with this idea of nothingness. Vladimir and Estragon waiting for Godot without knowing that he will come or not, is he exist or not, who is he? unclear theme shows the nothingness of the play.

6)Do you agree: "The play (Waiting for Godot), we agreed, was a positive play, not negative, not pessimistic. As I saw it, with my blood and skin and eyes, the philosophy is: 'No matter what- atom bombs, hydrogen bombs, anything- life goes on. You can kill yourself, but you can't kill life."(E.G. Marshal who played Vladimir in original Broadway production 1950s)?

- Ya, the play "Waiting for Godot" is positive play,not negative ,not pessimistic.But it depends on reader's mind.How reader want to look it. Everybody has its own point of view or perspective.I am agree with that everything goes on life on it's time idea of E.G.Marshal.

7) How are the props like hat and boots used in the play? What is the symbolical significance of these props?

Samuel Beckett used many symbols in this play in which Hat and Boot are interesting symbols. We can say that hat represented the intellectual, mental ability and thinking and boot represent lower and physical appearance.


8) Do you think that the obedience of Lucky is extremely irritating and Nauseatic? Even when the master Pozzo is blind, he obediently hands the whip in his hand. Do you think that such a capacity of slavishness is unbelievable?



                                                   

How can it's possible a slave is carrying luggage of master and also carry whip from which he maybe beaten still he is giving it to his master.Even when pozzo, the master was blind then why don't lucky leave him why still he is giving whip to pozzo.which kind of this slavishness is.

9)Who according to you is Godot? God? An object of desire? Death? Goal? Success? or...


Its depend on person just because on my point of you " Godot is peace " just because this play come after Second World War so here we find that the player writer or at that times majorly literary work facing absurdity nothingness or westward become hopeless that's why on my point of you Godot is peace.


10) "The subject of the play is not Godot but 'waiting' (Esslin, A search for the self). Do you agree? How can you justify your answer?


Yes, I agree with the Esslin's point of view in 'A search for the self' that the subject and the main theme of the play is 'waiting' not the Godot. We can see that in the play nothing happen except the meaningless waiting. there is no one come and go, all the characters only waiting for someone but no one come. So, we can say the heart of the play is waiting not Godot.



11) Do you think plays like this can better be 'read' than 'viewed' as it requires a lot of thinking on the part of readers, while viewing, the torrent of dialogues does not give ample time and space to 'think'? Or is it that the audio- visuals help in better understanding of the play?

If I say yes it needs reading before play studied.because it was a Absurd play still Samuel Beckett had gone very deep and connected dot with some events or myths.so,before studying play we have to aware about it,our concept should be clear then dialogue or audio-visuals help in better understanding of play.

12) Which of the following sequence you liked the most:

                                          

Vladimir-Estragon killing time in questions and conversations while waiting ,Pozzo-Lucky episode in both acts,Conversation of Vladimir with the boy
Ans. I liked the most the conversation of Vladimir with the boy because except this all are boring and meaningless in some extent, while the conversation with the feel the energy and curiosity in the play because that boy was the messenger of Godot and also that boy frightened Vladimir for telling about Godot. So, first conversation with the boy was the hope for Vladimir and second conversation somewhat despair and revealed Vladimir's selfishness.

13) Did you feel the effect of existential crisis or meaninglessness of human existence in the irrational and indifference Universe during screening of the movie? Where and when exactly that feeling was felt, if ever it was?

In movie I saw and feel that they are waiting for a person for whom they don't know.Even they don't know who is Godot a human being,a supernatural power,a god or what else? They don't aware then still why they waiting.We have our Existence in life then we have think it and use it on proper way.As Vladimir and Estragon are talking to pass time they are raising rational questions then what about their identity or existence.

14) Vladimir and Estragon talks about ‘hanging’ themselves and commit suicide, but they do not do so. How do you read this idea of suicide in Existentialism?

Suicide in existentialism we find that it's a symbol Suicide in existentialism we find that it's a symbolically represent the death by philosophy suicide means philosophical suicide at that moment person stop to thinking that is the suicide which we call philosophical suicide.


15) Can we do any political reading of the play if we see European nations represented by the 'names' of the characters (Vladimir - Russia; Estragon - France; Pozzo - Italy and Lucky - England)? What interpretation can be inferred from the play written just after World War II? Which country stands for 'Godot'?

So far as Pozzo and Lucky [master and slave] are concerned, we have to remember that Beckett was a disciple of Joyce and that Joyce hated England. Beckett meant Pozzo to be England, and Lucky to be Ireland." (Bert Lahr who played Estragon in Broadway production). Does this reading make any sense? Why? How? What?


Ans. Yes, we can interpret the political reading in which Vladimir stand for Russia, Pozzo stand for Italy, Lucky stand for England and Estragon stand for France. So, we can connect this to the world war in which these all countries destroyed by Godot means Germany that is why Vladimir asked to the boy that is Godot beating? Then boy replied yes. So we connect Godot with Germany means Hitler, who destroyed many countries and killed thousands of people. And other interpretation of Pozzo and Lucky master and slave in which we connect Pozzo with England and Lucky with Ireland, so in this matter Ireland struggling a lot with England and recently we have seen Brexit pact.

16) The more the things change, the more it remains similar. There seems to have no change in Act I and Act II of the play. Even the conversation between Vladimir and the Boy sounds almost similar. But there is one major change. In Act I, in reply to Boy;s question, Vladimir says:

yes,there is a change in Act 1and Act 2. When in Act 1 boy comes to them and asked Vladimir that what I asked to Godot sir ? Then Vladimir replies that tell him that you saw us,and in Act 2 when boy asked the same question and Vladimir replies a quite different,this time he says you tell Godot that you saw me not us.So,here comes self-perspective ,he thought that if Godot comes then he will save me and Estragon was sleeping so he wasn't thought about him.According to Vladimir only he deserved God's attention or presence.so,here we can see self motive of Vladimir.It was a great change in both act and it questions on humanbeing,how a person was changed.

Fims Review: Midnight's children's and The Reluctant Fundamentalist and The black prince


1) midnight's children






It is a related with postcolonial study and very best example to study of postcolonial.
Story begin with first world war and with India's democracy is very darkest decision like Emergency. Also speak about three generations story. Here author explain his experience and relate with Nation born. Nation and protagonist both are born on at same time. Two Main character are there Salim and Shiv and and Meri change the destiny of both the child and how the tragedy occurs between the children's life are portrayed here
The Midnight Children film is a controversial potboiler that has tragedy, romance and comedy. A journey of two individuals through the tragic disasters, trials and triumphs gives you an incomparable experience of watching India in the early years of Independence .Here, also the good use of background music which symbolize many thing, the nose of Ghani family also a symbol. The narrative techniques also used in very good way to understand the story. And also a camera focus was excellent, while the Tajmahal scene came that time camera focused more on the poor conditioned house rather than Tajmahal. So, here film tried to show the real India through camera technique.
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2)The Reluctant fundamental



The Reluctant Fundamentalist a novel written by Pakistani Writer Mohsin Hamid and then adopted in film directed by Mira Nair in 2014. The story is about the young man Changez Khan who attracted to American Business culture. He was an intellectual and respected person in American wall street business company. The Reluctant Fundamentalist a novel written by Pakistani Writer Mohsin Hamid and then adopted in film directed by Mira Nair in 2014. The story is about the young man Changez Khan who attracted to American Business culture. He was an intellectual and respected person in American wall street business company. This is what postcolonial study is reflecting. To look at things and to believe is not an easy task. One must have to see the gaps in literature, in history. There must be retailing of past so that some minor things which are not taken into consideration should get reflected. We have to look at minor narratives rather than meta narrative in understanding the things in better way.


3) The black prince







The Black Prince is a 2017 international historical drama film directed by Kavi Raz and featuring the acting debut of Satinder Sartaaj. It tells the story of Duleep Singh, the last Maharajah of the Sikh Empire and the Punjab area, and his relationship with Queen Victoria.The story revolves around the young prince as he attempts both to regain his throne and reconcile himself with the two cultures of his Indian birth and British education.Here in movie we find issues like ; Skin colour, Difference or classism among Black people and white people,post colonialism, political power,About queen Victoria and his power. Duleep Singh is eventually able to reestablish contact with his mother and as a result begins to reconnect with the culture of his birth. Duleep attempts to return to India to reclaim his kingdom, but is continually thwarted by British colonial politics.Edward never became king - he died before his father, Edward III - he is remembered as a great medieval military hero, with notable victories against the French in the Hundred Years War.In the movie prince Duleepsingh play roll as a protagonist. Movie reflected good side of British government though providing so many things for prince but Prince always prefers conman life. Mother of the princes also hate British government and people.



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Saturday, September 21, 2019

Movie Review The great dictator


  • Movie review : The great dictator 


 literature We saw movie of " The Great Dictator" by Charlie Chaplin at department of English. We get lot of enjoyed and learn something new from the movie.

 As a part of the modern The Great Dictator is an outstanding classic film by Charlie Chaplin. This controversial masterpiece offers both a cutting caricature of Hitler and sly tweaking of his own comic persona.

Chaplin’s film made huge cultural waves around the world except in Germany. This movie was set in a fictitious country called Tomainia and it was obviously Germany. In this movie two major roles: Adenoid Hynkel(dictator) and Jewish barber were played by Charlie Chaplin.

Love and Woman voice:- In the movie Barber falls in love with a neighbor and beautiful girl 'Hannah' and both are try to resist against military forces. Why both are fights with them? because they all are faced some trouble of the system. In the movie both are love each-other. Hannah was a planed to marry with him but both saw to flesh back then they remembering some thing like rules of love. They can't love each other freely. So many times increased question that Why government take interest in public's personal life ? here I found Woman mostly working for man and She work in shop of barber and she also goes to selling potato. In the last scene one man tonsured woman but She can't do anything.

"Ghetto" is area and marked of Jewish people in Europe which hews were permitted to live there. in many times ghettos were places of terrible poverty and during periods of population growth. here in the movie i could find they had narrow streets and small, crowded house rather than another. same as in nowadays poor, low caste people even

villages don't have comfortable houses. Ghetto is for rich people area.

The modern times, it also ends with the hope of better coming. The last setting of the movie was also far from urban life.

                                          Thanks

                                   

Movie review : Charlie Chaplin's ' modern times'

  • Movie review: Chaplin's ' modern  time'
      

       25th  June we are watching a Charlie Chaplin's movie 'modern times' . It is also political satire. He used very symbolic tools in movie.

          He was a multi talented man because he was good actor, director, writer, producer and also music compose in the movie. One Person managed all thing.  

           Charlie Chaplin's movie are mostly minimum use of language. during his time know age' silent era movie' so he present many critical view without language in  movie. He use very comic tone in the movie.

            The trap working on the giant machine in the film's most famous scene.




   
Movie started with interesting view. He compare man crowd with sheep crowd. It is nice organization by director How technology helpful? And how it's harmful? To there are good example in the movie.

           Charlie Chaplin as a factory worker. He mistake in work so that he removed many time from factory. As a result he became jobless. Especially  he has not fulfill desire of food and cloth. So in the movie we can find that he saw dream of food. When he sleeps more over he went to jail in many  times through policeman.

 The other main character is GAMIN. She belongs to a poor family. she father was unemployed.  It is a big problem  she become a thief normally for food.  She faced orphan condition after his father death.


   The last both are hopeful. they say last is not die but with hope. It is symbol of journey.

Thank you Dilip bard sir  for organizing this movie screening.

Comparison between novel ' The scarlet letter' and movie by' Kya khena'review


  • Comparison between novel " The scarlet letter" and movie " kya khena " review



1) what are the name of the the protagonist  in both work


      In the 'The scarlet letter' novel protagonist character is Hester and 'kya khena' movie  protagonist character is priya

2)   write their story in brief


         

               


 "The scarlet letter story"

 Characters: 1) Hester
                          2) pearl : Hester  daughter
                          3) Roger chillingworth:

Hester husband
                           4) Reverend Arthur dimmesdale : Hester lover

          Haste is main  character in the novel. Hester is married women.  Her husband is outside at few years. So Hester lived without her husband and parents. Then she fall in Love priest dimmesdale and Dimmesdale also loved her. Both are doing adultery after Hester becomes pregnant and Dimmesdale didn't accept pubalically. At end of the novel he had accept pubalically. At end of the novel he had accepted he is father of of Hester child and immediately he was then again Hester live with her daughter.


      " Kya khena movies review"

Character: 1) Priya
                    2)Rahul
                    3)Ajay
                   
              Main character priya in movie. priya is brave and clever girl. She live with her family. She fall in love with Rahul and becomes pregnant bur Rahul does not accept of Priya. She is alone. She lots fights alone with society and gave birth of her child.At the end of movie Ajay propose her and Rahul also want to marry with her but she accept Ajay proposal and movie become happy ending.

3) What is the role played by society in Hester's life?

       According to novel Hester's life like barren. She live without husband.Always society tosser of Hester because of she become pregnant without husband.Even society give punished kept her prison. Society believe one person unknowingly death reason. Hester adultery sin and given punishment of hanging then dimmesdale conferences he is pearl's father. After society release her. and again she live alone.

4)What is the role played by  society in priya's life?

            In the movie without marge priya become pregnant so society does not accept. She  is alone and she fight with society. Rahul does not accept of priya. He belong to rich family. so priya family say about abortion but she does not ready and she faced many problem. Society believe about priya is not good girl. 

5) Compare and contrast the male character, Roger chillingworth, Arthur Dimmesdale,Rahul, and Ajay.      

        person who deeply loved Priya even she was pregnant of Rahul's child although Ajay The male characters Roger Chillingworth, Arthur Dimmesdale novel characters and Rahul ,Ajay are movie characters. All male characters are completely different from each other. Roger Chillingworth is Hester's husband and Arthur Dimmesdale is Hester's lover, Dimmesdale deeply loved Hester but he couldn’t able to publicly accept her. Something Rahul couldn’t able to accept Priya in publicly. But one thing is contrast Dimmesdale is priest while Rahul character like frailty man, he is not honest like Dimmesdale. Other characters like Roger Chillingworth and Ajay, Roger Chillingworth character is completely different from other characters, Chillingworth is not accepted her wife because his wife become pregnant of Dimmesdale's child. While Ajay character is like honest and kind ready to accept her.

 6) Compare and contrast ‘The scaffold scene in The Scarlet Letter’ and ‘a year-end
performance in Kya Kehna in which a group of students performs a play on Priya
and her pregnancy’.

    The scaffold scene in The scarlet letter and a year-end performance in kya khena movie both situation its like same but something is differ like  at the end of novel Hester didst give her lover name and any suggestion to people. While kya khena end of movie in the stage priya tried to justify herself, she hadn't done wrong decision to giving birth of child that thing is not doing Hester in the novel

7)  What are the reasons that Arthur Dimmesdale and Rahul do not come forward to
accept their fatherhood? How do you they differ and what are the similarities?


     Because Arthur Dimmesdale is priest that why he may be afraid to society,how society react after society knowing his reality. While Rahul belong to high class family that why may be he also afraid of society. Other reason Rahul character like frailty man may be he is not really love for Priya

8)What is the role played by Chillingworth in Hester’s life? Why do you think he

wanted to take revenge on Hester and Dimmesdale?

                

Chillingworth is Hester husband. He take revenge Because  of Hester love for this reason he sexual heresment mattuba. And he killed one person his belief that man is Dimmesdale.

9) What is the role played by Rahul’s mother in Priya’s life? Why do you think she
wants to take revenge on Priya?
   
Priya belong to rich class so Rahul mother didn't accept priya as daughter in low and she believed her son isn't doing wrong thing at the first meeting even priya's brother bit her son and she believed priya is not their status girl.

10) Write a note on class difference in Kya Kehna.

        Priya belong to middle class family and Rahul belong to rich family.

11) Why do you think the director has lifted the character of Ajay to the ideal state? Is
it possible in real life? What are the reasons of your YES or NO?

 I said that according to my observation on society

12) How do you see Hester and Priya as individuals?

I see priya character is strong and brave and she face society but Hester does not faced society

13) Write a critical note on the end of the movie and the novel. Why do you think the.

           
Both movie based on something but dealing with different ideas. I think may be Hathrone represent at that time society real image. Therefore he has not given happy ending of novel.        

Monday, September 9, 2019

"Orientalism"

"Orientalism" by Edward said




Hello friend  my blog about Orientalist,This is given by Dilip Barad sir



What is Orientalism:

As per the Said's words. Orientalism is not an imagination it is material thing and genuine theory. Orientalism is revolutionized the study of middle East and also useful to studies post-colonialism and other discipline like History, Anthropology, Political science and Cultural studies.


"Orientalism” is a way of seeing that imagines, emphasizes, exaggerates and distorts differences of Arab peoples and cultures as compared to that of Europe and the U.S. It often involves seeing Arab culture as exotic, backward, uncivilized, and at times dangerous. Edward W. Said, in his groundbreaking book, Orientalism, defined it as the acceptance in the West of “the basic distinction between East and West as the starting point for elaborate theories, epics, novels, social descriptions, and political accounts concerning the Orient, its people, customs, ‘mind,’ destiny and so on.

In the interview, Said also differentiate the Imperialists like France, America and Europe and he said that French imperialism was very different than Europe and America. Further he said that French did not invaded like Spaniard invaded the new world, looking for a loot. But Neapolitan invaded Egypt for the survey of Egypt while Europe invaded the new world looking for loot and also America looted many Easter countries because of the oil through the arm force.

Iranian revolution describes itself as Islamic revolution. Many people around the world considered all Islamic people as terrorist. This is wrong mindset of people. Only few are destroying the whole world, but many innocents are getting blame because of that Islamic tag. Media is responsible for giving tag. Edward said wrote "Covering Islam" regarding this topic.




                                   Thanks

Monday, September 2, 2019

Thinking activity on " Existentialism "


Video - 1 What is Existentialism ?


Nietzsche, Kafka, Dostoevsky, shestov , Heidegger, Sartve, Beauvoir, Hesse , Short story,


They all have different point of view about existentialism. Some believe in good and some not believe in God. Existentialism is about the individuality, passion and freedom.


Video - 2 The myth of Sisyphus

An Absurd Reasoning
There is only one Philosophical problem is suicide.
When we think life is worthless, then we think about suicide.
Suicide is individual act.
The relationship between individual thought and suicide.
Best example is movie
Stay
How did he kill himself ?
An elegant suicide is the ultimate work of art .
Healthy man thought is death or suicide
Hope or suicide .
Life is Meaningless
In there a logic to the point death ?
Only the Absurd Reasoning.


Video - 3 The Myth of Sisyphus

The Notion of Philosophical suicide. This video talked about the philosophical suicide and this problem come out from A total absence of hope, A continual rejection and conscious dissatisfaction. From this method people escaped from absurd life.



Video - 4 Dadaism Nihilism

From this video I like the idea of dadaism and it's quest for change. And also the Nietzsche's description about the movement.

Video - 5 Existentialism - a gloomy philosophy.Is Existentialism is gloomy philosophy? Every life is full of anxiety, despair and absurdity, but we are free to choose our own path of living. Every individual choose his/her way of life but when result is not good then they escape from this situation that is not fair practice. Existentialism is differ from Nihilism. After world war-2 People's life became miserable and full of despair. Everyone tried to find the meaning of life.

Video-6 Much difference between Existentialism and Nihilism.

Existentialism believe in subjectivity like individuality, nothingness, absurd life while Nihilism believe in objectivity like everything is illusion in life.

Video - 7 Let us Introduction Existentialism Again !

From this video I like the idea that to view as Existentialism not as philosophical system but to see it as philosophical movement.

Video - 8 Example like I am Five

Not believe any kind of rule and regulation which made by society government justice system any other.
Believe in your own system make on your rule and regulation.

Video - 9 Why I like Existentialism ?

Existentialism is a way of life and understand life deeply. Existentialism says about what I am. Eric Dodson said that it is honest and shows reality of life and accept your fault and your abilities.

Video 10 let sum up:There is a difference between essentialism and existentialism. As a human being only after the birth we can decide our essence by our choice.